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Планирование, написание и корректура делового письма

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A business letter is not a place for chit-chat. Unlike business conversations where a certain amount of small talk is used to break the ice, a business letter should be clear and concise. By taking time to plan your letter, you will save time in the writing and proofreading stages.

Who am I writing this letter to? Identifying your audience always comes first. Are you writing to more than one person, to someone you don't know, or to someone you have known for a long time? This will help you determine how formal the letter needs to be. You may need to introduce yourself briefly in the letter if the recipient does not know you. You may also need to find out the updated address and title of the recipient. This is a good time to confirm the correct spelling of first and last names.

Why am I writing this letter? The main reason for the letter should be understood from the subject line and first few sentences. You may cover more than one thing in one business letter, but there will almost always be a general reason for the letter. Identify your main goal and what you hope to accomplish.

Are there specific details I need to include? Gather any dates, addresses, names, prices, times or other information that you may need to include before you write your letter. Double check details rather than relying on your memory.

Do I require a response? Many types of business letter require a response. Others are written in response to a letter that has been received. Before you start writing, determine whether or not you require an action or response from the recipient. Your request or requirement should be very clear. In some cases you may even need to provide a deadline for a response. If you require a response, how should the recipient contact you? Indicate this information clearly as well. You may provide more than one option, such as an email address and a phone number.

How can I organize my points logically? Think about how you would organize your thoughts if you were speaking rather than writing to the recipient. First you would introduce yourself. Second you would state your concern or reason for writing. After the main content of your letter you would include information on how you can be contacted. The end of the letter is also a place to express gratitude, wish good-luck, or offer sympathy.

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The term "business letter" makes people nervous. Many people with English as a second language worry that their writing is not advanced enough for business writing. This is not the case. An effective letter in business uses short, simple sentences and straightforward vocabulary. The easier a letter is to read, the better. You will need to use smooth transitions so that your sentences do not appear too choppy.

Salutation. First and foremost, make sure that you spell the recipient's name correctly. You should also confirm the gender and proper title. Use Ms. for women and Mr. for men. Use Mrs. if you are 100% sure that a woman is married. Under less formal circumstances, or after a long period of correspondence it may be acceptable to address a person by his or her first name. When you don't know the name of a person and cannot find this information out you may write, "To Whom It May Concern". It is standard to use a comma (colon in North America) after the salutation. It is also possible to use no punctuation mark at all:

· Dear Mr Powell, / Dear Ms Mackenzie, / Dear Frederick Hanson:

· Dear Editor-in-Chief: / Dear Valued Customer / Dear Sir or Madam: / Dear Madam

· Dear Sir, / Dear Sirs / Gentlemen:

First paragraph. In most types of business letters it is common to use a friendly greeting in the first sentence of the letter. Here are some examples:

· I hope you are enjoying a fine summer.

· Thank you for your kind letter of January 5th.

· I came across an ad for your company in The Star today.

· It was a pleasure meeting you at the conference this month.

· I appreciate your patience in waiting for a response.

· After your short opening, state the main point of your letter in one or two sentences:

· I'm writing to enquire about...

· I'm interested in the job opening posted on your company website.

· We'd like to invite you to the members only luncheon on April 5th.

Second and third paragraphs. Use a few short paragraphs to go into greater detail about your main point. If one paragraph is all you need, don't write an extra paragraph just to make your letter look longer. If you are including sensitive material, such as rejecting an offer or informing an employee of a layoff period, embed this sentence in the second paragraph rather than opening with it. Here are some common ways to express unpleasant facts:

· We regret to inform you...

· It is with great sadness that we...

· After careful consideration we have decided...

Final paragraph. Your last paragraph should include requests, reminders, and notes on enclosures. If necessary, your contact information should also be in this paragraph. Here are some common phrases used when closing a business letter:

· I look forward to...

· Please respond at your earliest convenience.

· I should also remind you that the next board meeting is on February 5th.

· For futher details...

· If you require more information...

· Thank you for taking this into consideration.

· I appreciate any feedback you may have.

· Enclosed you will find...

· Feel free to contact me by phone or email.

Closing. Here are some common ways to close a letter. Use a comma between the closing and your handwritten name (or typed in an email). If you do not use a comma or colon in your salutation, leave out the comma after the closing phrase:

· Yours truly, / Yours sincerely, / Sincerely, / Sincerely yours

· Thank you, / Best wishes / All the best, Best of luck / Warm regards,

Writing Tips:

· Ask direct questions.

· Double-check gender and spelling of names.

· Use active voice whenever possible.

· Use polite modals (would in favour of will).

· Don't use "we" unless it is clear exactly who the pronoun refers to.

· Don't forget to include the date. To avoid confusion, write out the month instead of using numbers (e.g. July 5th, 2007)

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