Brief history of mining in the United Kingdom

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Albert Einstein

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Discipline “Practical English”

Albert Einstein was born in 1879 in the German city of Ulm. He had been no infant prodigy; indeed, he was so late in learning to speak that his parents feared he was fool. In school, though his teachers saw no special talent in him, the signs were already there. He taught himself calculus, for example, and he told me that his teachers seemed a little afraid of him because he asked questions they could not answer. At the age of 16, he asked himself whether a light wave would seem stationary if one ran side by side of it. It seems an innocent question, but this shows. Einstein going to the heart of a problem. From it there would arise, ten years later, his theory of relativity.

1. Albert Einstein ----.

A) is the most genius scientist of all

B) was born in the 18th century

C) was spoiled by his teachers in school

D) made his parents afraid due to his problem in speech in his childhood

E) seemed to have special ability

2. When he was in school, Einstein ----.

A) showed no signals about his genius

B) was afraid of his teachers due to their innocent questions

C) asked difficult questions to his teachers

D) was understood as genius by public when he was a teenager

E) couldn't teach himself even one science

3. It's obvious in the passage, Einstein's ----.

A) genius was a gift

B) character was perfect to most of his teachers

C) life encouraged most of the scientist in the world

D) theory of relativity couldn't be proved by himself

E) question is the origin of his theory of relativity

The United Kingdom has a rich history of mining. There is evidence that mining took place in Wales during the Bronze Age, in approximately 2200-850 BC. Metalworking debris found beneath the ramparts at Beeston Castle located in Beeston, Cheshire, England is evidence of bronze production during the Bronze Age.

Later, lead and copper attracted the Romans to Britain, and in the 15th century they erected a lead smelter at Flint in northern Wales. The Romans introduced iron tools and used local slaves to mine galena, an important lead ore mineral, from which they refined lead, tin, and silver. These metals were used locally and also transported by ship throughout the Roman Empire. Galena was mined from deep mines located in Scotland and Wales. Lead, tin, and aluminum were then refined from galena.

The widespread availability of coal and iron was a significant factor in Europe’s Industrial Revolution of the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Although coal and iron ore are no longer mined in significant quantities in the United Kingdom, they were once mined in large quantities throughout the United Kingdom and utilized for steel and energy production. With large quantities of important minerals available and easily accessible, the United Kingdom’s economy grew rapidly.

http://www.thefullwiki.org/Mining_in_the_United_Kingdom

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