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XIII. Interpret and extend the following statements.
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XII. Answer the following questions.
XI. Match the words in column A with their definitions in column B.
X. Insert the proper prepositions. Try to memorize some of these expressions.
IX. Match the words and word combinations in column A with their antonyms in column B.
VIII. Paraphrase the sentences using the synonyms from the box instead of the underlined words.
| are hurt by, pay, borrow, profit, price, increases, kinds |
1. There are two basic types of inflation.
2. In the case of cost-push inflation, the cost of making a product or providing a service goes up.
3. Retired people living on pensions suffer from inflation because they have fixed incomes.
4. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures how the cost of goods and services changes.
5. Labor leaders often argue that workers need more money to keep up with the cost of living.
6. People who owe money are sometimes helped by inflation.
7. If you borrow 1000000 rubles at 10% interest, and inflation shoots up to 15%; the 5% loss for the bank is your 5% gain.
| A | B |
| borrow v more adv high-income people gain n go up v increase v inflation n rise n | loss n lend v less adv drop n deflation n decrease v low-income people go down v |
| in (2) of (2) with (1) by (1) from (1) |
1. The most popular measure … inflation is the Consumer Price Index.
2. People who keep their money in savings accounts at a bank are hurt … inflation.
3. Employees of public companies are also hurt because their salaries do not keep up … inflation.
4. What good is to earn 5.5% interest … a bank if the inflation rate is 15%?
5. Banks are … the business of lending money.
6. Inflation raises the value … land and housing.
7. Renters do not own what is increasing … value.
| A | B |
| 1) wage | a) an advantage, improvement, or help that you get from something |
| 2) salary | b) money usually paid every month by the employer, especially to someone in a profession, such as a teacher or a lawyer |
| 3) pension | c) money usually paid every week by the employer, especially to someone who works in a factory or a shop |
| 4) benefit | d) an amount of money paid regularly by the government or company to someone who does not work anymore, for example because they have reached the age when people stop working |
1. What is inflation?
2. What is the Consumer Price Index?
3. What are the two kinds of inflation?
4. What is demand-pull inflation?
5. What is cost-push inflation?
6. Who is hurt by inflation?
7. Are the banks hurt by inflation?
8. Who is helped by inflation?
· Inflation is an economic event affecting everyone.
· Inflation raises the value of land and housing.
· Inflation does not hurt everyone equally.
· Some young workers and employees can benefit from inflation.
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