III. The words below can function as different parts of speech (zero affixation). Find their meanings, consult a dictionary if necessary.

II. Read the international words. Say what Russian words help to guess their meaning. Make up sentences using these words.

I. Study the list of topical vocabulary to avoid the difficulties in understanding the text of this unit. Consult a dictionary to pronounce the words correctly.

TAXATION AND TAX SYSTEM

UNIT 9

XIX. Take part in a group discussion and share your ideas with partners on the following questions.

XVIII. Complete the sentences with the information from the text.

Questions

1. What are the signs of inflation?

2. What phenomenon is opposed to inflation? What is its definition?

3. What affects prices?

4. Which prices rise with inflation?

5. Is inflation good or bad for the economy of a nation? Why?

6. What is hyperinflation?

1. Inflation is a rise in the overall ….

2. Deflation is a drop in the overall ….

3. Peaches are in greater supply in … than in ….

4. High inflation can destroy the value of your ….

5. Runaway or hyperinflation can destroy ….

1. What happens when hyperinflation occurs?

2. What are the reasons of hyperinflation?

3. What is the correlation between inflation and employment?

4. What actions should government take to regulate hyperinflation?

XX. Speak on the topic “Inflation”. Use your own studies, ideas and conclusions on the subject.

Be in line with smth – соответствовать ч-л

custom duty/tariff – таможенная пошлина/тариф

direct tax – прямой налог

drawback _n – препятствие

estate tax – налог на недвижимое имущество

excise tax – акциз, акцизный сбор

flat rate – единообразная ставка (налога)

income tax – подоходный налог

inheritance tax – налог на наследство

luxury tax – налог на продажу предметов роскоши

progressive tax – прогрессивный налог

property tax – налог на недвижимое имущество

proportional tax – пропорциональный налог; налог, взимаемый по единой ставке

regressive tax – регрессивный налог

sales tax – налог с оборота, налог на продажу

tax burden – бремя налогового обложения

tax rate – налоговая ставка, ставка налогового обложения

value added tax (VAT) – налог на добавленную стоимость

Capital, deduct, generally, progressive, regressive, proportional, constant, pass, form, line, identify, base, luxury, tobacco, liquor, importation, license, vary, proportion, personal, collect, stable, period, reduce, normal, minimum, elasticity, category, priority.

Pay, order, effect, rich, poor, sum, amount, manufacture, place.

IV. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the verb apply used in different meanings.

1. The University graduate applied for a job with the local television company.

2. I applied to two universities and was accepted by one of them.

3. It is difficult to apply this idea to practice.

4. New technology is applied to many processes in industry.

5. The doctor said to apply this cream on the damaged surface of the skin.

6. The term tax can be applied to the amount of money paid to the government according to income, property, goods and that is used to pay for public services.

7. The rules apply to the first year students.

8. The same tax is applied to large or small sums of money.

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