Underline all international words in the text. Give their Ukrainian equivalents.

GREAT BRITAIN

Compose your own dialogues.

2)

1)

Complete the open dialogue.

Agent: Good morning! We begin our tour around Kyiv.

Mrs. Babbage:

Agent: Certainly. With pleasure! We’ll show you the most important places of interest.

Mrs. Babbage: What places of interest are we going to see in Kyiv?

Agent:

Mrs. Babbage: What other places of interest are we going to see in Kyiv?

Agent: …

Mrs. Babbage: There are many cultural places in Great Britain, such as: the museums, the theatres, the cinemas. Due to them we can learn more about our history and culture. Are there any museums or other cultural places in Kyiv?

Agent: ….

Mrs. Babbage: Thank you. I am going to visit some of the theatres. What do you recommend?

Agent: …

Mrs. Babbage: It’s a great idea! You’ve been very kind.

Agent: My pleasure.

Mr. Warner: You young people aren't going out tonight, are you?

Betty: No, Dad. We have had enough impressions for today and feel tired. We have been on the tour round the city.

Mr. Warner: …

Betty: We have seen a lot of historical buildings, sights, including St. Sophia's Cathedral, the Marinsky Palace and the Church of St. Andrew.

Mr. Warner: Have you? Although autumn is not the best sightseeing season, Kyiv is beautiful any time, I dare say. It is unlike other Ukrainian cities in many respects and has its peculiarities.

Betty:….

Mr. Warner: I strongly advise you to visit…

3) - Can you tell me how to get to Khreshchatyk?

-…

- Sure. Follow the highway south for about 1 kilometer. At the end of the ramp, make a left on to Khreshchatyk Street.

- Left at the end of the ramp?

- …

- Thanks a lot.

-…

Discuss with a friend of yours:

1. Kyiv as a cultural center of Ukraine.

2. Places of interest of the city.

3. Geographical position of the city.

4. Khreshchatyk – the main street of Kyiv.

5. Modern Kyiv.

Great Britain (official name - the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) is situated on two large islands, the larger of which is Great Britain, the smaller is Ireland. In addition to these two islands Great Britain includes over five thousand small islands. The total area of Great Britain is 240,000 sq. km, its population is 56,000,000 people.

No place in Great Britain is far from the sea. The little country has eastern, southern and western coasts. The Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Irish Sea wash it. It also has many good harbours easy to reach from any part of the country.

West winds from the sea bring rain and help to make English winters mild. That is why the climate of the British Isles is normally mild.

There are no high mountains in Great Britain. In the north the Cheviot (the Cheviot Hills) separate England from Scotland, the Pennines stretch down North England all most along its middle, the Cambrian mountains occupy the greater part of Wales and the Highlands of Scotland are the tallest of the British mountains. Ben Nevis, the tallest peak of the Highlands, is only 1,343 m high.

Most of the rivers flow into the North Sea. The Thames and the Severn are the longest rivers in Britain and are almost equal in length. The Severn is 354 km long and the Thames is 346 km long. Some of the British greatest ports are situated in the estuaries of the Thames, Mersey, Tyne, Clyde and Bristol Avon.

Administratively Great Britain is divided into 55 counties.

The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary democracy, with a queen and a parliament that has two houses: the House of Lords, with 574 life peers, 92 hereditary peers, and 26 bishops; and the House of Commons, which has 651 popularly elected members, each representing a local constituency. Supreme legislative power is vested in parliament, which sits for five years unless dissolved sooner. The House of Lords was stripped of most of its power in 1911, and now its main function is to revise legislation. Limitations on the power of the Lords - it rarely uses its power to delay passage of a law - are based on the principle that the House as a revising chamber should complement the Commons and not rival it.

In November 1999, hundreds of hereditary peers were expelled in an effort to make the body more democratic. The executive power of the Crown is exercised by the cabinet, headed by the prime minister. Once passed through both Houses, legislation receives the Royal Assent.

The proceedings of both houses of Parliament are broadcasted on television and radio sometimes live or more usually in recorded and edited form.

Britain's major industries: production machinery including ma­chine tools, electric power equipment, automation equipment, railroad equipment, shipbuilding, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, electronics and communications equipment, metals, chemicals, coal, petroleum, paper and paper products, food processing, textiles, clothing and other consumer goods.

As a result of this Britain's main exports are manufactured goods such as machinery, vehicles, aircraft, metal manufactures, electrical and electronic equipment.

Britain imports six times as many manufactures as basic materials. EU countries account for seven of the 10 leading suppliers of goods to Britain and Germany is Britain's biggest supplier of imports. Food, beverages and tobacco account for half of non-manufactured imports, whilst machinery and road vehicles account for two-thirds of finished imported manufactures. Other major imports include chemicals, fuels, clothing and footwear.

Britain's mineral resources were historically important, but today most of these resources are either exhausted or produced in small quantities. Today Britain imports iron, along with most other minerals used for industrial production, although small amounts of iron, zinc and copper are still produced.

Raw materials for construction are still important, and many quar­ries continue to operate profitably. Limestone, sand, gravel, rock, sandstone, clay, chalk, salt, silica sands, gypsum, potash and fluorspar are all quarried.

Britain has the richest energy sources in the European Union, and its abundant resources of oil and natural gas are of vital importance to the British economy. Refined oil products are one of Britain's major exports today, most of which are sold to European nations.

For many years coal was mined extensively, providing the primary source of energy in Britain. It was also exported. Today coal is far less important to the British economy and Britain imports much more coal than it exports.

The chief agricultural products of Britain are wheat, barley, oats, potatoes, sugar-beet, milk, beef, mutton and lamb. Britain usually im­ports meat, butter, wheat, tea, fruit, tobacco and wool.

Britain has a long tradition of sheep production and can boast of more than 30 breeds and innumerable crosses.

Pig production is to be found in most parts of Britain but is of particu­lar importance in the east and south of England and in Northern Ireland.

The British poultry industry is growing rapidly and is gradually becoming of greater importance.

The horticultural industry of Britain produces a wide variety of fruit, vegetables and flower crops. Scotland is known for the largest concentration of raspberry plantations in the world. Strawberries are the most widely grown soft fruit in Britain, the main crop areas being in Kent and East Anglia. Black-currants are also widely grown throughout Britain.

Flowers are grown in many parts of Britain but particularly in the Isles of Scilly, Cornwall, Lincolnshire, Norfolk and the east of Scot­land.

Great Britain is a famous international cultural centre as well. About 2,500 museums and art galleries include the major national museum, with world-famous artistic, archaeological, scientific and historical collections. The Queen's Gallery in Buckingham Palace shows pictures from the royal collection. Many of Britain's great private houses (some open to the public), of prime architectural interest, also contain art treasures.

A network of free public and private libraries helps to maintain the vast wealth of English literature and culture. The British Library, Britain's national library, is one of the world's three largest. Great Britain is a major international centre for theatre, opera and dance. The Royal Opera, Covent Garden and the English National Opera are the main opera companies.

Britain's main foreign policy objectives are to enhance its security and prosperity, and to promote and protect its interests overseas through world peace and economic growth. Great Britain has diplomatic relations with 169 countries. It is a member of some 120 international organizations, including the European Community, the United Nations where it is a permanent member of the Security Council, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the Commonwealth.

The largest cities of Great Britain are Birmingham, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Edinburgh and Cardiff. Oxford and Cambridge are called University towns. The capital of Great Britain is London.

Vocabulary notes

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