Electrical Sweaters

Infrared Power

Spray-On Solar-Power Cells Are True Breakthrough

Scientists have invented a plastic solar cell that can turn the sun’s power into electrical energy, even on a cloudy day. The plastic material uses nanotechnology and contains the first solar cells able to harness the sun’s invisible, infrared rays. It is a real breakthrough! The theorists predict that plastic solar cells could one day become five times more efficient than current solar cell technology.

Like paint, the composite can be sprayed onto other materials and used as portable electricity. A sweater coated by the material could power a cell phone or other wireless devices. A hydrogen-powered car painted with the film could potentially convert enough energy into electricity to continually recharge the car’s battery.

The researchers envision that one day “solar farms” consisting of the plastic material could be rolled across deserts to generate enough clean energy to supply the entire planet’s power needs.

“The sun that reaches the Earth’s surface delivers 10,000 times more energy than we consume”, said Ted Sargent, an electrical and computer engineering professor at the University of Toronto. Sargent is one of the inventors of the new plastic material. “If we could cover 0.1 percent of the Earth’s surface with [very efficient] large-area solar cells”, he said, “we could in principle satisfy all of our energy needs with a source of power which is clean and renewable”.

Plastic solar cells are not new. But existing materials are only able to harness the sun’s visible light. While half of the sun’s power lies in the visible spectrum, the other half lies in the infrared spectrum.

The new material is the first plastic composite that is able to harness the infrared portion.

“Everything that’s warm gives off some heat”, Sargent said. “So there actually is some power remaining in the infrared spectrum, even when it appears to us to be dark outside”.

The researchers combined specially designed nano-particles called quantum dots with a polymer to make the plastic that can detect energy in the infrared. With further advances, the new plastic “could allow up to 30 percent of the sun’s radiant energy to be harnessed, compared to 6 percent in today’s best plastic solar cells”, said Peter Peumans, a Stanford University electrical engineering professor, who studied the work.

The new material could make technology truly wireless. Sargent said that the plastic coating could be woven into a shirt or sweater and used to charge an item like a cell phone.

“A sweater is already absorbing all sorts of light both in the infrared and the visible”, said Sargent. “Instead of just turning that into heat, as it currently does, imagine if it were to turn that into electricity”.

Other possibilities include energy-saving plastic sheeting that could be spread on a rooftop to supply heating needs, or solar cell window coating that could let in enough infrared light to power home appliances.

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30.4. Граматика. Повторення підрядних речень

Вправа 2. Доповніть текст необхідними відносними займенниками.

During your holidays, ___ you go somewhere with your friends, you usually take a lot of things with you. Though, your holiday suitcase is never big enough, is it? And there isn’t a place ___ you can put bulky items like a sleeping bag. Well, there is a simple solution: take a rope or a scotch and attach it to your suitcase.

On holiday you put all the clothes ___ you have worn into old bags before you take them home. And when you get home, your brother says “___ T-shirt is this, yours or mine?” Correct? Well, here are some attractive bags ___ come in different sizes for different clothes.

There are people ___ like to read late at night on holiday and there are other people ___ want to go to sleep. Here is the answer. It’s a little reading light ___ you put behind the book while you are reading.

Вправа 3. Вставте that, who, what.

1. Tell me ___ you want and I will try to help you. 2. Why do you blame me for everything ___ goes wrong in our group? 3. Maria is the only person ___ understands me. 4. Why do you always disagree with anything ___ I say? 5. She gives her children everything ___ they want. 6. This is an awful film. It’s the worst one ___ I’ve ever seen. 7. I won’t be able to do very much but I’ll do the best ___ I can. 8. Nobody knows ___ kind of work is being carried out in that laboratory.

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