Text for Supplementary Reading.

Informal

Formal

Formal

Pete; May I introduce myself?

Steve: Of course.

Pete: My name is Pete.

Steve: Pete what?

Pete: No, just Pete.

Steve: Oh, I see. How do you do?

Pete: How do you do? I'm delighted to meet you.

Steve: Glad to meet you too.

Mr. Green: Good morning, Mr. Dawes. How are you?

Mr. Dawes: Very well, thank you. How are you?

Mr. Green: Fine, thanks. I don't think you've met my colleague. This is Mr.

Dawes. This is Miss White.

Mr. Dawes: How do you do?

Miss White: How do you do?

Ann: Rita, this is my brother Mike.

Rita: Hello, Mike.

Mike: Hello! Having a good time?

Rita: Yes. It's the best party I've been to for ages.

V. A team of volleyball players from Kyiv has come to Hlukhiv to take part in a competition. One of the players Peter Klymenko is getting acquainted with Victor Kovalenko.

Peter: Hello! My name's Peter Klymenko.

Victor: Hello! I'm Victor Kovalenko.

Peter: Nice to meet you.

Victor: Happy to meet you. How about a cup of tea?

Peter: That's a good idea.

Victor: Is this your first visit to our town?

Peter: Yes, it is. I've never been to this town.

Victor: Are you a student?

Peter: Yes, I am. I study at college. I'm seventeen. And you, Victor?

Victor: I'm sixteen. I'm a first- year student of Hlukhiv college. I'm going to be a

builder.

Peter: You live in Hlukhiv, don't you?

Victor: Yes, I live in Hlukhiv together with my family.

Peter: Could you show me your town, please?

Victor: With pleasure. I think, you'll like it.

VI. Make up your own dialogue.

VII. Read and translate the text.

These words will help you.

violence – насилля, жорстокість

misunderstanding – непорозуміння

to solve – вирішувати

to commit suicide – вчинити самогубство

to support – підтримувати

to protect – захищати

view –точка зору

fair – справедливий

to reduce –зменшувати, знижувати

environment – навколишнє середовище

available – доступний

Nowadays teenagers have a lot of problems such as alcohol, drugs, violence in their families, AIDS, misunderstanding. Many young people get upset or depressed when they can't solve their problems.

As a result, it makes them believe that there is only one way out - to stop living and commit suicide. No doubt, the teens problems are increasing. But young people should feel that they are not alone, that they can turn to somebody for help and advice, that somebody will support and protect them, that they have the right to live and be happy. Everyone has rights, including you, young people.

To protect children's rights the UN has worked out an international agreement called “The Convention of the Rights of the Child.”

- All children have the right to nondiscrimination (article 2)

- the right to life (article 6)

- the right to name and nationality at birth (article 1)

- the right to express their views (article 12)

- the right to privacy (article 16)

- the right to information (article 17)

- the right to protection (articles 19, 32)

- disabled children have the right to take a full and active part in everyday life

(article 5)

- the right to health and health care (article 24)

- the right to education and development (articles 28,29)

- the right to leisure (article 31)

VIII. What are all these rights about? How do you understand them? Are they fair?

The following Guide to the UN convention will help you.

- All children must get a name when they are born and become a citizen of a particular country.

- All children should have the rights whatever their race, sex, religion, language, option or family background.

- The government must give children good medical care and try to reduce the number of deaths in childhood.

- Children should have a chance to live in a safe and unpolluted environment with good and clean water.

- Children with disabilities must be helped to be as independent as possible.

- Children should have the best chance to develop their abilities.

- Every child should go to school. Different kinds of secondary schools should be available for children.

- School should help children to develop their skills, teach them and prepare for adult life.

- The government should protect children from harm, cruelty, abuse, violence and dangerous drugs.

- Children can join organizations, take part in meetings and peaceful demonstrations which do not affect people's rights.

- Every child should have a chance to rest and play.

- Children can say what they think. What they say must be listened to carefully.

- The government must protect children from exploitation and dangerous work which can harm their health or interfere with their education.

- Children can get information especially that would make their life better.

- Nobody can open children's letters and listen to their phone calls.

IX. Agree or disagree. Use these expressions.

I agree with you Oh, no! You are wrong

I fully agree I don't agree with you

I take your point You are mistaken

I am of the same opinion On the contrary

That's right I disagree with you

Right you are I differ from you

You are right

1. Article 6 proclaims the right to life.

2. Article 19 and 32 proclaim the rights to health and health care.

3. Article 12 proclaims the right to education.

4. Article 17 proclaims the right to information.

Model: Article 2 proclaims the right to nondiscrimination.

-I fully agree with you. All children have the right to nondiscrimination.

X. Which rights seem the most important to you? Do you enjoy all these rights? And what about your duties?

When we speak about our duties we mean: to work conscientiously, to respect people, to act according to ones conscience, to study well, to take care of ones parents, to be sensitive to the needs of others, not to be indifferent to the sufferings of others, to be firm in ones beliefs, to be a reliable person, to be honest, to take care of nature, to defend ones country, to fight against all sorts of violence, to live in peace.

XI. Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue about your rights and duties.

The boy of thirteen scratches around the roadside. Sometimes he begs. Since he was eleven Krishna has been alone because people avoided him. He has a family, a big one and they love and miss him. Krishna has leprosy, a curable disease, but one which in some countries still shocks. The shame is so great that for Krishna's family its impossible to keep him home.

His father would have lost his job and his brothers and sisters would have been asked to leave school and his mother could not have gone to market to buy food.

Not far away there is a colony for people with leprosy. These people have lost their hands or feet and facial features.

There are about 15 million people mostly in the developing world, who have leprosy, five million of them under the age of 15.

A lot of them don't receive any treatment. The main problems are fear and misunderstanding. Despite wide - spread education programmes - the World Health Organization refused to use the world "leper" in the 1940s because of its negative sense - leprosy sufferers are still hidden away and prejudiced against. Many are afraid to seek treatment and suffer permanent disability as a result.

But leprosy is not confined to the developing world. There are about 30000 sufferers in Europe. Despite of fear many people have of disease, and the effect it has on sufferers, leprosy rarely kills. It is often overlooked as governments fight diseases such as malaria, cholera and TV.

Choose the correct answer or way of finishing:

1. Krishna lives alone because:

a) his family no longer wants him;

b) his family cannot let him stay with them;

c) his father hasn't enough money to keep him;

d) he has more chance of survival this way.

2. What do we learn about leprosy from this extract?

a) it mainly affects young people;

b) it only occurs in developing countries;

c) the disease kills quickly;

d) people are unnecessarily afraid of it;

3. The best way to help sufferers would be:

a) ask the World Health Organization to help;

b) change peoples attitude;

c) provide long - term support;

d) make the cure cheaper.

4. One problem of dealing with leprosy sufferers is that:

a) governments refuse to help them;

b) too many sufferers come asking for help;

c) it's a difficult disease to cure;

d) the sufferers don't turn for help in time.

5. Where does this extract come from?

a) a magazine article;

b) an advertisement for the World Health Organization;

c) an educational book for nurses;

d) a short story.

GRAMMAR EXERCISES.

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