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Контрольная работа № 1 (1 семестр)

Известный психолог.

Автобиография.

Разговорные темы (15 предложений)

Грамматический материал

I семестр

Программа по английскому языку

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1. Имя существительное. Множественное число, артикли как показатели имени существительного. Выражение падежей в английском языке. Существительное в функции оп­ределения.

2. Имя прилагательное. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. Сравнительные конструкции.

3. Числительные. Количественные, порядковые, дробные числительные.

4. Местоимения.Личные, притяжательные, вопросительные, указательные, неопределенные, взаимные, возвратные местоимения. Местоимения some/any и их производные. Местоимения much/many, little/few.

5. Повелительное наклонение. Спряжение глаголов to have, to be во времени Simple Present (настоящее неопределенное). Оборот there is/there are.

6. Предлоги места, направления, времени.

7. Структура прямого распространенного предложения. Прямой порядок слов.
Обратный порядок слов. Типы вопросов.

8. Видо-временные формы глагола (активный залог). Формы Indefinite, Continuous, Perfect (Present, Past, Future).

9. Основные способности словообразования в английском языке.

Тексты для чтения и перевода (+ для составления темы № 2!!!)

1. Sigmund Freud 2. B.F. Skinner 3. C.G. Jung.

Для выполнения контрольной работы следует изучить соответствующие разделы грамматики по рекомендованным учебникам.

(Письменно сделать один из вариантов: A, B, или C)

Задание № 1. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи является слово с окончанием –s, т.е. служит ли оно:

а) показателем 3-го лица, единственного числа в Present Indefinite;

б) признаком множественного числа существительного;

в) признаком притяжательного падежа имени существительного;

г) сокращенной формой глагола «to be» или «to have» в Present Indefinite.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

Например:

Не lectures on history. Он читает лекции по истории.

lectures – глагол, 3 л. ед.ч., Present Indefinite.

1. My brother’s sons are students.

2. The «Big Ben» weighs 13.5 tons.

3. Hyde Park covers 360 acres.

4. He likes collecting stamps.

5. It’s thundering.

1. Most of London places are to the north of the river Thames.

2. It’s Greek to me.

3. Pat’s relatives live in Leeds.

4. There’s a fine picture on the wall.

5. She likes to dance, to sing songs and to go out parties.

1. London exports a great variety of goods.

2. Last month I read a very interesting book on London’s history.

3. The inhabitants of London are very fond of their city.

4. He’s got a good collection of records.

5. I want to introduce him to my daughter’s friends.

Задание № 2. Переведите на русский язык предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения.

1. One of the most famous buildings in London is St. Paul’s Cathedral.

2. The longer is night, the shorter is the day.

3. The longest day of the year is the 21st of June.

4. The days in winter are not so long as in summer.

5. There are as many cars and buses in this street as in the centre of the city.

1. It’s much too hot for me to drink.

2. I’m not strong enough to carry these bags.

3. The coldest place on Earth is the Pole of Cold, Antarctica.

4. Sally is five minutes younger than Susan.

5. The more we study, the less we know.

1. I’m not quick enough to catch the balls.

2. It’s much too hot in here.

3. The fastest airliner is Concord.

4. The less we know, the less we forget.

5. Today TV is the most important thing in our lives.

Задание № 3. Переведите предложения на русский язык. Подчеркните местоимения и определите их вид.

1. At some of the London Underground Stations there are lifts, others have escalators.

2. Any student of our group can speak on the history of London.

3. They have known each other for two years.

4. The export of coal from this country decreased last year.

5. What’s happened?

1. I’m not pleased with myself.

2. He has some relatives in Paris.

3. Is there anything on the desk?

4. They haven’t seen each other for ages.

5. What’s your favorite film?

1. I’ve cut myself.

2. There’s somebody at home.

3. This book is mine and that one is yours.

4. Who did you meat there?

5. He hasn’t much work to do today.

Задание № 4. Заполните пропуски предлогами или наречиями, где необходимо.

Mr. Foster is a young man. He is married and has two children. He likes playing cricket and football... his local club and works... an office. He usually has lunch... a small restaurant... his office.

Mr. Foster’s office is not very large. There’s a desk... it and some chairs.... the desk there is a shelf... books and... the centre... the room there is a flowers... it.... the walls... his room there are some pictures and a map.

... his desk there’s a box... which there are some old Roman coins; nobody uses them for money now. Mr. Foster collects them.

My grandfather has a room all to himself. It’s... the end... a long hall away from our
rooms. Mother says it is good... him to be alone because it gives him time... himself. But
I don’t understand why he wants to sit... himself... his chair... the middle... the room.
My grandfather calls me Pete though I’m a six-year old girl, because he says I’m smart as
any boy. I like to come... my granddad’s room before I go... the bedroom... night.

I already know one... my neighbors, an old lady Mrs. Jones. Her house is across the
street... mine. Her husband comes... Finland, he’s Finnish, but he speaks very good
English. They sometimes invite me... a cup... of tea, and I like to have a quiet evening...
their place. Mrs. Jones is a wonderful cook and a good housewife. She keeps her house...
perfect order.... other neighbors I know there the Thomsons. They are also... the
U.S.A. They are... thirty, very friendly and sociable.

Задание № 5. Заполните пропуски артиклями, где это необходимо, переведите текст.

We are at... English wedding.... bride,... groom,... guests and... relatives are standing outside... house.... bride is wearing... long white dress and is having some blue flowers in her left hand.... groom is wearing... traditional morning suit and is having... top hat in his right hand. They are all smiling, because they are very happy. In... few minutes they are going to get into... Rolls-Royce and drive to... restaurant for... celebration.

At... restaurant they are going to eat... big cake and drink... champagne. They will
beopening all... presents. Some people will be making... speeches and both of...
mothers will be crying.... guests will be dancing, telling jokes, singing songs and
wishing... bride and... groom... happiness.

They are going to spend their... honeymoon on... Hawaii. They are going to be happy for ever and have... lot of children.

It was... Sunday. I never get up early on... Sundays. I sometimes stay in... bed until
lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of... window, it was dark outside.
“What... day!” I thought. “It’s raining again.” Just then... telephone rang. It was my aunt
Lucy. “I’m at... station. I’ll come to see you.” “But I’m still having... breakfast,” I said.
“What are you doing,” she asked. “I’m having... breakfast,” I repeated. “Dear me!” she
said. “Do you always get up so late? It’s one o’clock!”

Задание № 6. Поставьте глаголы, указанные в скобках, в нужном времени. Укажите, как называется время.

1. Who (knock) at the door?

2. When her father (come) in she (sit) before a red tea-table, finishing a very good tea.

3. He (be) a handsome boy?

4. Don’t ring her up at 12 o’clock. She (write) her composition then.

5. When we (take) our exams we (have) a holiday.

6. What you both (do) at 7 o’clock yesterday?

7. Jane (be) on her way to meet her mother whom she (not to see) for many years.

8. If he (come), I (give) him this message.

9. I don’t (know) this man. I never (meet) him.

1. I (be) at home, if you (need) anything.

2. What you (do) Tom? I (draw). Let me see what you (draw).

3. He (be) on a ship which (sail) that night to Moscow.

4. While the water (heat), Mr. Parker (begin) sweeping the floor.

5. He (not to walk) much.

6. Where’s Nick? He just (go) out.

7. His wife (be) not in. She (go) out an hour before.

8. By the time you (finish) cooking they (do) their work.

9. At this time tomorrow the boys of our group (play) football.

1. Mark (see) the picture of Nelly in the morning paper while he (have) coffee.

2. We (drink) coffee every morning.

3. I hope it (stop) snowing by tomorrow morning.

4. Why that man (stand) in the middle of the road?

5. Doctor Kent (be) English, though he (live) in America for 30 years.

6. And, smiling to himself, he (begin) to make plans, fantastic plans for the future.

7. When we (arrive) in the city, it probably (be) rain.

8. Don’t you (know) what the story is about? No, I (not to read) it.

9. She (be) still here tomorrow if you decide (to ring) her up.

Задание № 7. Ответить письменно на вопросы.

1. What is your name (surname)?

2. How old are you?

3. When were you born?

4. Where were you born?

5. In what family were you born?

6. Where do you live?

7. When did you enter and leave school?

8. Did you make good progress at school?

9. What were your favorite subjects?

10. What did you do after school studies? What were you fond of?

11. What is your hobby now?

12. What’s your occupation?

13. Did you serve in the army?

14. Why did you decide to enter the University?

15. What’s your future profession? Why did you choose it?

16. How many people are there in your family? How old are they?

17. What are their jobs?

18. I am sure your family is friendly. Do you agree with me? Why?

Задание № 8. Заполните регистрационную форму.

1. First name_____________________________

2. Surname________________________________

3. Place of birth___________________________

4. Country (you live in)_____________________

5. City____________________________________

6. Age____________________________________

7. Occupation (job)________________________

8. Married / single/ divorced/ widow(er)________

9. Children’s name(s)______________________

10. Wife’s/ husband’s name_________________

11. Wife’s/ husband’s occupation____________

12. Your hobby____________________________

13. What kind of job would you like to have?_____

Задание № 9. Переведите письменно тексты: а) Sigmund Freud b) B.F. Skinner с) C.G. Jung.

Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) was born May 6, 1856, in a small town Freiberg. His father was a wool merchant (тор­говец шерстью) with a keen mind (с тонким умом) and a good sense of humor. His mother was a lively woman, her husband’s second wife and 20 years younger. She was 21 years old when she gave birth to her first son, Sigmund. Sigmund had two older half-brothers and six younger siblings (братьев и сестер). When he was four or five the family moved to Vienna, where he lived most of his life.

A brilliant child, always at the head of his class, he went to medical school, where he became involved in research under the direction of a physiology professor Ernst Brücke. Brücke believed in reductionism: «No other forces than the common physical-chemical ones are active within the organism».

Freud concentrated on neurophysiology, but only a limited number of positions at the university were available. Brücke helped him to get a grant to study, first with the great psychiatrist Charcot in Paris, then with Bernheim. Both these gentlemen were investigating the use of hypnosis with hysterics.

After spending a short time as a neurologist and director of a children’s ward (детское отделение) in Berlin, he came back to Vienna, married his patient fiancee (невеста) Martha Bernays, and set up a practice in neuropsychiatry, with the help of Joseph Breuer.

Freud’s books and lectures brought him both fame and ostracism (остракизм, гонения) from the traditional medical community. He collected around him a number of very bright students who became the core (ядро) of the psychoanalytic movement. Unfortunately, Freud rejected people who did not totally agree with him. Some separated from him on friendly terms; others did not, and continued research to found competing schools of thought.

Freud emigrated to England just before World War II when Vienna became an increasing dangerous place for Jews, especially ones as famous as Freud. Not long afterward, he died of the cancer of the mouth and jaw (челюсть) that he had suffered from for the last 20 years of his life.

B. B. F. Skinner (1904–1990)

Burrhus Frederic Skinner was born March 20, 1904 in the small Pennsylvania town. His father was a lawyer, and his mother a strong and intelligent housewife. His upbring­ing (воспитание) was old-fashioned and hard-working.

Burrhus was an active, out-going boy who loved the out­doors (свежий воздух) and building things, and enjoyed school.

Burrhus received his BA in English from Hamilton Col­lege in New York. However, he did not enjoy college life very much. He was an atheist in a school that required daily church attendance (ежедневное посещение церкви).

He wanted to be a writer and did try, sending off poetry and short stories. When he graduated, he built a study (кабинет) in his parents’ attic (чердак) to concentrate.

After some traveling, he decided to go back to school, this time at Harvard. He got his master’s degree in psychol­ogy (MA) in 1930 and his doctorate (Ph.D) in 1931, and stayed there to do research until 1936.

Also in that year, he moved to Minneapolis to teach at the University of Minnesota. There he met and soon married Yvonne Blue. They had two daughters, the second of which became famous as the first infant to be raised in one of Skinner’s inventions, the air crib (колыбель). Although it was nothing more than a combination of crib and playpen (детский манеж) with glass sides and air conditioning, it looked like keeping a baby in an aquarium.

In 1945, he became the chairman of the psychology de­partment at Indiana University. In 1948, he was invited to come to Harvard, where he stayed for the rest of his life. He was a very active man, doing research and guiding hun­dreds of doctoral candidates as well as writing many books. While not successful as a writer of fiction and poetry, he became one of our best psychology writers, including the book Walden II, which is a fictional account of a communi­ty run by his behaviorist principles.

August 18, 1990, B. F. Skinner died of leukemia after becoming one of the most famous psychologist after Sigmund Freud.

C. Carl Gustav Jung (1875–1961)

He was born on July 26, 1875, in Kesswil, Switzerland, in the family of a Protestant clergyman (священника). After graduating in medicine in 1902 from the universities of Basel and Zurich, with a wide background in biology, zoology, palaeontology, and archaeology, he began his work on word association, in which a patient’s responses to stimulus words revealed what Jung called «complexes» – a term that has since become universal. These studies brought him international fame and led him to a close collaboration with Freud.

With the publication of Psychology of the Unconscious (1912), however, Jung declared his independence from Freud’s narrowly sexual interpretation of the libido by showing the close parallels between ancient myths and psychotic fantasies and by explaining human motivation in terms of a larger creative energy. He gave up (отказался от) the presidency of the International Psychoanalytic Society and founded a movement called analytical psychology.

During his remaining 50 years Jung developed his theories, drawing on a wide knowledge of mythology and history; on his travels to diverse (разнообразные) cultures in New Mexico, India, and Kenya; and especially, on the dreams and fantasies of his childhood. In 1921 he published a major work, Psychological Types, in which he dealt with the relationship between the conscious and unconscious and proposed the now well-known personality types – extrovert and introvert.

He later made a distinction (сделал различие) between the personal unconscious, or the repressed feelings and thoughts developed during an individual’s life, and the collective unconscious, or those inherited feelings (унасле­дованные чувства), thoughts, and memories shared by all humanity. The collective unconscious, according to Jung, is made up of what he called «archetypes». These correspond to such experiences as confronting death or choosing a mate (выбор пары) and manifest themselves symbolically in religions, myths, fairy tales (сказки), and fantasies.

Jung wrote many works on analytical methods and the relationships between psychotherapy and religious belief. He died on June 6, 1961.

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