Underline all international words in the text. Give their Ukrainian equivalents.

UKRAINE

CONTENTS

29.04.2011

Протокол № 9

Кривий Ріг

МЕТОДИЧНІ ВКАЗІВКИ до вивчення усних розмовних тем з англійської мови для студентів І курсу фінансово-економічного факультету. –– Кривий Ріг, КЕІ ДВНЗ ”КНЕУ ім. В.Гетьмана”. – 2011, 55c.

Укладачі: Бондаренко В.А. – ст. викладач англійської мови кафедри української та іноземних мов факультету міжнародної економіки та права, КЕІ ДВНЗ „КНЕУ ім. В.Гетьмана”;

Кременченко Т.В. – ст. викладач англійської мови кафедри української та іноземних мов факультету міжнародної економіки та права, КЕІ ДВНЗ „КНЕУ ім. В.Гетьмана”;

Чижикова О.В. - викладач англійської та німецької мов кафедри української та іноземних мов факультету міжнародної економіки та права, КЕІ ДВНЗ „КНЕУ ім. В.Гетьмана”.

За загальною редакцією доктора педагогічних наук, кандидата філологічних наук, професора Скидана С.О.

Рецензент: Мірошниченко Е.В. – канд. пед. наук, доцент кафедри української та іноземних мов факультету економіки і управління, КЕІ ДВНЗ „КНЕУ ім. В.Гетьмана”.

Відповідальний за випуск: Скидан С.О., доктор пед. наук, кандидат філологічних наук, професор кафедри української та іноземних мов факультету міжнародної економіки та права, КЕІ ДВНЗ „КНЕУ ім. В.Гетьмана”.

Метою методичних вказівок є розвиток навичок читання, перекладу, уміння вести бесіду, брати участь у дискусіях англійською мовою.

До складу методичних вказівок увійшли 5 розмовних тем. Тексти споряджені списками англійських слів і словосполучень з перекладом та післятекстовими вправами.

Методичні вказівки складено згідно з вимогами навчальної програми з іноземної мови для вищих навчальних закладів освіти економічних спеціальностей та розраховано на студентів першого курсу.

Ukraine…………………………………………………………………………………4

Kyiv…..……….………………………………………………………………………14

Great Britain…...……………………………………………………………………...23

London…..…………………………………………………………………………….34

Travelling……………………………………………………………………………...44

A new state Ukraine appeared on the world political map in 1991. At 603,700 square kilometres and with a coastline of 2,782 kilometres, Ukraine is the world's 44th-largest country. It is the largest wholly-European country and the second largest country in Europe. It is a rich farming industrial and mining region in south-eastern Europe with a population of about 46 mln people, 77.8 percent of whom are ethnic Ukrainians, with sizable minorities of Russians (17%), Belarusians and Romanians. The Ukrainian language is the official language in Ukraine. Russian is also widely spoken. The dominant religion in the country is Eastern Orthodox Christianity, which has heavily influenced Ukrainian architecture, literature and music. The capital of Ukraine is Kyiv. The territory of Ukraine extends for 900 kilometres from North to South and 1,316 kilometres from East to West. It borders on Belarus and Russia in the North and in the East. In the South the country is washed by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, In the West Ukraine is bounded by Moldova, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland.

Ukraine's geographical position is ideal for the development of its resources. In the north of Ukraine there are forests, in the West - the Carpathian Mountains, in the Eastern and Central Ukraine - black-soil steppelands.

The climate of Ukraine is determined by its geographical location. Ukraine's territory lies in the temperate belt. In general the country's climate is temperately continental, being subtropical only on the southern coast of the Crimea. The differences in climate are caused by many factors: the latitude, relief, altitude, and proximity to seas and oceans.

Ukraine is very rich in mineral resources. It contains iron and manganese, ores-natural gas, salt, sulphur, graphite, limestone. Ukraine also has deposits of oil, bauxite, ilmenitc, as well as black coal. Mineral resources can be classified into 3 main groups: fuels, metals and nonmetals.

The flora and fauna of Ukraine are extremely rich. Typical representatives of the Ukrainian fauna are hare, fox, squirrel, bear, wolf, goat. Among the trees growing in the Ukrainian territory are birch, pine, oak, fir-tree.

Ukraine can be divided into 3 economic areas: Southwestern, Donets-Dnieper and Southern. The Southwestern Economic Area has a favourable position with supplies of metal and fuel for its machine-building plants and the shipping of products to consumers. Test instruments, machine-tools and electrical-engineering equipment are produced by the engineering industry of this area.

The Donets-Dnieper Economic Area has rich mineral deposits. It has major industrial base with bias towards heavy industry. A large industrial output is yielded by the mining, ferrous metallurgy, chemical and machine-building industries. The Donets Basin contains a cluster of plants producing zinc, mercury, fertilizers, plastics, soda, acids and dyes.

The proximity of the Southern Economic Area to the sea is reflected in its industry, with shipbuilding its key sector. Local factories produce machinery for the power industry, tractors and harvester. Fishing and canning industries in the sea-side cities are developing. The food industry is allied with the cultivation of grapes, fruit and vegetables. The area, especially the Crimea, is a holiday playground.

Two interrelated processes are characteristic of Ukraine's economy today, namely its assertion as that of an independent state and its transformation from planned-centralized to market-controlled.

Nowadays Ukraine is a democratic state, ruled by the law and created as an implementation of the people's sovereign right to self-determination.Ukraine has its own national emblems - the coat of arms, the flag, the seal and the national anthem.

The Ukrainian political system has a popularly elected President, a 450-person single-chamber national Parliament - the Verkhovna Rada.

Ukraine is divided into 24 regions and the Autonomous Republic Crimea, each of which has elected council, whose Chairman, elected at large, also serves as head of the executive branch.

In Ukraine there is a wide network of institutions of culture and arts. Professional arts are represented by some 100 operas and drama companies, 25 philharmonic societies and 4 conservatories. Eight theatres are meant specially for children, plus 27 puppet shows and 65 children movie theatres.

According to the Ukrainian constitution, access to free education is granted to all citizens. Complete general secondary education is compulsory in the state schools which constitute the overwhelming majority. Free higher education in state and communal educational establishments is provided on a competitive basis. Degrees conferred by Ukrainian universities are the following: the Bachelor's Degree (4 years) and the Master's Degree (5–6^th year). These degrees are introduced in accordance with Bologna process, in which Ukraine is taking part.

The traditional Ukrainian diet includes chicken, pork, beef, fish and mushrooms. Popular traditional dishes include varenyky (boiled dumplings with mushrooms, potatoes, sauerkraut, cottage cheese or cherries), borscht (soup made of beets, cabbage and mushrooms or meat) and holubtsy (stuffed cabbage rolls filled with rice, carrots and meat).

Vocabulary notes

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