Investigators, Detectives. Identification Methods

I. LEAD-IN

V. SPEAKING

He helped me a lot by providing medical assistance to my uncle.

Make up sentences according to the model.

Point out sentences with Participles I in the text and explain the use.

IV. GRAMMAR FOCUS

Complete the words using definitions

Complete the sentences with the words of the active vocabulary.

1. At last the judge pronounces the ….

2. Sherlock Holmes featured a detective using a number of … methods.

3. A … is an investigator either a member of a police agency or a private person.

4. Evidence collection helps in … (-ing form) a potential suspect.

5. Sometimes evidence helps to … the innocent.

6. Testimonial evidence refers to any…

5. The verbs below can all be used to form nouns. Find in the text the words which have related meanings and make up your own sentences with them. Pay special attention to where the stress is .

8. Translate articles of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine:

Стаття 102. Органи досудового слідства

Органами досудового слідства є слідчі прокуратури, слідчі органів внутрішніх справ, слідчі податкової міліції і слідчі органів безпеки.

Стаття 115. Затримання слідчим підозрюваного у вчиненні злочину

Слідчий має право затримати і допитати особу, підозрювану у вчинені злочину, за підставами і в порядку, передбаченими статтями 106, 106-1 і 107 цього Кодексу.

Model: He helped me a lot/ to provide medical assistance to my uncle.

1. Forensic science serves the administration of justice/ to provide scientific support in the investigation.

2. Scientific expertise serves the administration of justice / to provide evidence to the courts.

3. An investigator obtains a key-element of the crime / to identify a potential suspect.

1. Work in group:

· Discuss what the necessary aspects are to be considered in the investigation of a crime? Use key words (scene, evidence, witness, informant, to rely on, to collect, to arrest, to question).

· What is the main function of a crime laboratory? What questions of investigation does a scientific lab help to answer?

· Why is an investigation of a crime scene so important?

· Explain in other words what testimonial evidence is.

· Why do victims not report their crimes to the police?

· Is there any link between IQ and crime?

A crime was reported last night. Look at the list of the objects, then in pairs decide how these objects are related to the incident reported: picture frame, CD, purse with cash, golden bracelet. What do you think happened?

1. Answer the following questions:

What types of evidence do you know?

What are the essential qualities of a successful investigator?

2. Match the following English words and expressions with their Ukrainian equivalents:

TEXT 2

Read the text to understand what information is of primary importance or new for you.

In most countries detectives may obtain their position by competitive examination covering such subjects as principles, practices and procedures of investigation; interviewing and interrogation; criminal law and procedures; applicable law governing arrests, search and seizures, warrants and evidence; police department records and reports; principles, practices and objectives of courtroom testimony; and police department methods and procedures.

Detective Police, also called Investigations Police (USA) are responsible for investigations and detective work. Detectives are plainclothes investigators who gather facts and collect evidence for criminal cases. They conduct interviews, examine records, observe the activities of suspects, and participate in arrests.

Mass media have done much to create a romanticized version of the detective. Their counterparts do exists in real life but the modern detective may easily be someone who sits at a computer screening lots of methods used in commission of a crime or who tests samples for DNA identification. Most detectives are trained in modern investigative techniques and in the laws of evidence and criminal procedure. They spend most of their time on paperwork and hours of interviewing.

Most police investigations begin at the scene of a crime. There are some types of evidence that is located and recovered at a scene: 1) Impression evidence includes fingerprints, tool marks, footwear, fabric impressions, tire marks and bite marks. 2) Biological evidence includes blood, body fluids, hair, nail. 3) Trace evidence includes paint, glass and fibres. 4) Firearms include weapons, gun powder patterns, casings, projectiles, and cartridges. Experts are particularly adept in the microscopic examination of spent bullets and cartridge cases.

The use of DNA profiling is regarded as reliable asfingerprintingto check the unique characteristics of an individual. Fingerprints (also includes palm prints and bare footprints) are the best evidence to place an individual at the scene of a crime. The identifying fingerprint pattern dusted with powder could be seen and photographed or digitally recorded. By comparing fingerprints at the scene of a crime with the fingerprint record of suspected persons, absolute proof of the presence or identity of a person can be established.

If using the method of DNA analysis, then blood can be matched back to an individual with a high degree of probability. DNA profiling can positively identify an individual from a specimen of blood, hair roots etc.

In the Scientific community the crime scene investigator is accepted as a forensic specialist. His specialty is considered a professional organized step by step approach to the processing of a crime scene. Extensive study, training, and experience in crime scene investigations are needed for the investigator to be proficient in the field. He must be a specialist in all areas of recognition, documentation and recovery of physical evidence that may be deposited at the scene.

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