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Choose a true version. Check your grammar skills.




Курс

«Технология транспортных процессов»

(заочный факультет)

1. We …. by our Representative in Germany.

a) have been informed; b) was informed; c) have informed; d) informed.

2. We …. your advertisement in the latest issue of the magazine.

a) see; b) seen; c) were seen; d) have seen.

3. We … in prices for your products.

a) are interesting; b) are interested; c) was interested; d) is interested.

4. … you ….us your catalogue and price list?

a) Are…send; b) did…send; c) does…send; d) will….sent.

5. What goods …you require for immediate delivery?

a) are; b) is; c) will be; d) do.

6. We … prices CIF Amsterdam for the following items.

a) are quoting; b) is quoted; c) has quoted; d) has been quoted.

7. How many tons of cargo … you …. recently?

a) did….received; b) were….received; c) have….received; d) did…receive.

8. They ….our regular buyers for a number of years.

a) have been; b) are; c) were; d) will be.

9. If your prices …competitive we will place a firm order with you.

a) will be; b) are; c) is; d) were.

10. If your prices …competitive we would place a firm order with you.

a) were; b) are; c) was; d) have been.

11. Our partners required freight ….on delivery of the goods.

a) are fully paid; b) fully paid; c) to be fully paid; d) to be fully pay.

12. ….you give us any information about terms of delivery?

a) can; b) does; c) will be; d) are.

13. Your firm…. to us by a large reputable Company.

a) is being recommended; b) were recommended; c) have been recommended; d) has been recommended.

14. We … already …. of your products before.

a) have …heard; b) were…heard; c) are….heard; d) have….been heard.

15. They … still … terms of payment.

a) are…discuss; b) are….discussed; c) are….discussing; d) will…discuss.

16. If a letter …. with the Receiver’s name it will close with Yours faithfully.

a) will begin; b) begin; c) is begun; d) begins.

17. Sales Contract …under some specified terms.

a) concluded; b) is concluding; c) is concluded; d) are concluded.

18. The Seller and the Buyer …to fulfil certain liabilities.

a) can; b) may; c) is; d) have.

19. If one party … fulfil its liabilities, the contract is broken.

a) doesn’t; b) isn’t; c) don’t; d) aren’t.

20. …you suffer any loss due to that fixture?

a) are; b) did; c) does; d) have.

21. Contract….

a) were cancelled; b) has been cancelled; c) is cancelling; d) cancelled.

22. Delay in delivery … by arrest of the ship.

a) were caused; b) caused; c) was caused; d) was causing.

23. The goods … match the sample.

a) doesn’t; b) don’t; c) aren’t; d) isn’t.

24. The goods were shortshipped because the weight …too low.

a) is; b) was; c) will be; d) are.

25. The goods … in transit.

a) were lost; b) was lost; c) are lose; d) is lost.

TOPIC 1: Types of business letters

Read this text, translate it and be ready to discuss:

Correspondence is an essential part of business. To do business successfully we should know the following types of letters. They are: enquiries, quotations, offers, complaints and claims, adjustments.

An enquiry is a request for information. It is one way of obtaining an offer from your expected business partner. Such request can be sent to the Chamber of Commerce, to a bank or to some company if you are looking for partners or suppliers. If you are interested in their names and addresses you should send a general enquiry. If you want to find out the details of prices and discounts, terms of payment and delivery, delivery times and types of packing you should forward a specific enquiry.

Another way of obtaining offers is to place an advertisement in a newspaper or other publication. This advertisement is called an invitation to tender. Companies who are interested can then submit their offers (tenders) – and the best one is chosen to supply the goods required.

A reply to an enquiry is called an offer or quotation. Offers may be firm (binding) and without enagagement (non-binding). Firm offer can’t be changed or withdrawn. Under non-binding offer the seller doesn’t want to bind himself to the terms of his offer.

If the buyer is satisfied with the terms of the seller’s offer he may place an order. There are a number of orders: trial, firm, standing, initial, follow up, merchandise on call, advance, bulk, repeat orders.

If the seller breaks a contract or doesn’t execute his order the buyer can make a complaint. He can make a complaint about:

- the goods are of inferior quality;

- the goods are damaged;

- the goods were lost in transit;

- the price is incorrect;

- there was a delay in delivery;

- the goods were shortshipped;

- the wrong goods were delivered;

- the goods don’t match the sample.

If the complaint is justified the seller has to make an adjustment, i.e. he has to offer the buyer some form of compensation:

- the Seller can return the goods;

- the Seller can replace the goods;

- the goods can be repaired at the seller’s expense;

- the Seller can offer the Buyer a price reduction.

There is another type of business letter. It is a reminder. If the Buyer fail to fulfil his obligations on time, it is customary to send three reminders.

And finally a Sales Contract is concluded. It is the legally binding agreement reached by the seller and the buyer.

 




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